Definition and Stomach Function

For this time I will talk about ventriculus or we know as “stomach” which is the one of organs in human digestive system. Did you know the position of stomach in human body? To answer the question let’s look at the mirror. Then try to stare the left of your womb, exactly the left and below partition of body cavity. There is the position of stomach. Our stomach devided into 4 parts, such as :

The upper part there is cardia which is the door to entering food from throat.

The middle part there is fundus which shape round then in the middle of fundus there is stomach body.

And The lower part there is pilorus which is place connect with small intestine (duodenum)

To knowing where is the parts position of stomach, let’s see the picture below.

PICTURE SOURCE HERE

The food enter from mouth, when it arrived in stomach it directly  digest in the way of chemicals (the process will go on for a few hours). There are two valve (sfinger) in two tip of stomach which fungtion to keep the food  constant in stomach. The wall of stomach arrange from three layer of muscles such as circular, longitudinal and oblique muscle. The contraction of three muscles movement caused peristaltic movement (billowy movement).

Then what is the fungtion of muscle in the wall of stomach? Maybe this is the question walking in your mind. Ok, I will explain it. The muscles will help to rend the food to more small pieces and when the three muscle contaction caused peristaltic movement, the food will mix until it mixed with gastric juices which sectretion by the wall of stomach.

Wait? From where the gastric juices comes from? Calm down bro, this gastric juices doesn’t come directly. This gastric juices is produced by epitel  tissue which arrange stomach and the characteristic of it really acid (pH = 2). The gastric juice consist of water

The gastric juices capitalized as a microorganism killer and actived pepsinogen enzims to pepsin.

Pepsin enzims has fungtion to hydrolysis protein to peptida molecules. Renin enzims has fungtion to change keseinogen to kasein. Lipase enzims has fungtion to change triglisera to acid fat and protein.

Are you curious with the impact from the activity of the enzims? Or the way they work and how long the activity take time? If you still curious let’s read again this post, its short.:)

The food will change to porridge in stomach, don’t be confused, it caused by enzims and the activity of stomach muscles, the porridge caleed Chyme (kim). Now the next process by pilorus to organize disimissal of kim step by step to duodenum.

Pilorus muscle direct to stomach will  relaxation (loosen) if touch by kim that have acid character. The other way, pilorus muscles direct to duodenum will contracted (crease) if it touched by kim. In this way the food go through pilorus hank by hank to duodenum then the food will digest again when we eat more food.

         

If you all hungry because reading this post, just eat more and your stomach will work again. J so you caan read more post on my blog softilmu.blogspot.com eventhough it has lack. Maybe in here you can find more knowledge which has many benefits to you all. If you have many question or suggestion just comment in the comment box below. So we can discuss each other J

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Definition And Mouth Function

Hello, I glue you all my regards. This time I write about the explanation about human mouth. This is not really difficult to learn because I’m sure you all know a little about the shape, position and fungtion of our mouth. Mouth is the first way to started digesive system process, mouth cavity.This process happen with mechanics and chemicals. Our mouth don’t work by itself, in mouth cavity there are many organs to help when the process start. The organs are Teeth, tounge and saliva gland. So, Let’s read the detail explanation about the organs!

1. Teeth

Before I continue, it can be good if you look at the mirror, open your mouth and stare your teeth. If you have done it let’s continue. Like you see, teeth arrange and reside in upper jaw and lower jaw. Generally, teeth have section there are

• The top teeth or crown of the teeth, the part which can seen outside.
• Teeth neck,  the part is protected by gums, and its diveider between top and root teeth
• Root teeth, the part of teeth which buried in jaw.

Let’s continue to another part, maybe you get benefit in knowing this. We are going to teeth layer, the outer layer of teeth  called email, this layer is a hard layer in teeth. Its fungtion to protect teeth bones. Its mean, if this part broken in the way of logic teeth easy to broke too. In email there is dentin which is the net with yellow colour. Let’s read about outer layer of teeth root called sementum and usually we know with teeth semen. Then the inner part of teeth is  teeth hollow (pulpa), the hollow contain of nerve and intravenous.

Did you remember when your teeth grow for the first time? I’m sure no one can remember it. Why? Because teeth grow when our age 6-7 months until 26 months. Teeth when we are child called first born teeth or generally called milk teeth. After we 6 until 14 ages, then milk teeth loosened one by one and change to permanent teeth. So how is the arrangement of teeth? Let’s see the picture below.

PICTURE SOURCE HERE

See? Teeth arranged in rows and the position is in upper and lower jaw. All the milk teeth amount is 20, contains of incisor which amount 8=(2*4), cuspi which amount 4=[2*(1+1)], and front molar which amount 8=[2*(2+2)].

Adult teeth called permanent teeth which amount 32 contains of incisor which amount 8=(2*4), cuspi which amount 4=[2*(1+1)], front molar which amount 8=[2*(2+2)], back molar which amount 12=[2*(3+3)].

Yup, after you know the arrangement of teeth, I’m sure your knowledge about teeth added more. But there are more explanation about teeth, it has many fungtion. Incisor to cutting the food, cuspi to  ripped food and molar to chew food.

2. Tongue

Tongue has many usefulness in digestive system in human.  Be sides tounge is as a setter the position of food in our mouth  and push the food to the next part, it always be indra which fungion to tste food. To more clear about the position of tongue, let’s see the picture below.

PICTURE SOURCE HERE

3. Saliva

Saliva is produced by 3 couple of saliva gland, then currented to saliva canal which estuary to mouth hollow. The 3 named of saliva gland are Parotid Saliva Gland (near temples), Lower jaw Saliva Gland and upper jaw Saliva Gland. I’m sure you have seen saliva right? And did you now the  contens of saliva? If not, let’s check it out. Don’t be bored to read this post ok?

Saliva consist of water, mucous, salt, and ptialin enzims. This enzim has fungtion to change flour subtance to sugar such as maltose and glucose. After it finished in mouth, the food will go to throat and continue to stomach and another digestive system.

This is the end of my post about human mouth. If you read carefully you will add more knowledge about our mouth. But, if there are many question in your mind just comment in the comments box below to discuss together. Thanks ;)

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5 Kingdom Classification System

Classification of living thing based of scientist thought in classified it that appropriate with international condition. So, The Claasification of living thing really medly, because scientist have their own thought. We know, living thing on our earth highly varied, if you try to look at your surrounding, maybe really hard to grouping variated living thing. So, in this post, we will solve this problem. I will share about classification of living thing based on scientist that really usefull for our today learning. Ok! No need to take many time with this intro, Let’s check it out!

A. BASIC CLASSIFICATION

The classification of living thing have rule that is valid in international. So, the valid classification is not completely gibberish because it has been agreeable in international. The purpose of this classification is to make it easily to learning about living thing. We already known, living thing classified based on its same characteristic, this classification is classified in highrise, in each class of this classification called takson. More and more class of takson, more bit its similarity. The characteristic that become its basic to classified are morphology (outer shape), anatomy( body formation) , physiology, the characteristics of biochemistry and genetics.

B. CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM

I have explained  in introduction, classification system of living thing can be different appropriated to whom scientist have told it, it also can change appropriate with the development of age and technology. In here, I will discuss about classification system that is told by  Robert H. Whittaker about 5 kindoms classification. According to his statement, living thing separated into Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia. Beside of 5 kingdoms, There are also Virus class, Virus is not included into kingdom because its characteristics are different with another living thing.

This 5 classification, in each kingdoms divided to a few phylum (for animals) and divition (for plants), then in each phylum or divition also divided to a few ordo, in each ordo divided again to a few family. In each family divided again to a few genus and in each genus divided to a few species. More high the takson class, nearly no same characteristic we found.

The following is the explanation of the general characteristics from 5 kingdom based on the classification :

PICTURE SOURCE HERE

1. MONERA

Monera is kingdom of living thing that has no nucleus membran (prokariotic). But, eventhough it has no nucleus membrane, this organism has nucleus substance, it form nucleus acid or DNA.  The example of prokariotic organism is bacteria. All of the activity of monera, like exchange of substance and the propagation are doing by itself.

2. PROTISTA

Protista is a kingdom of living thing that considered by one or more cell that have nucleus(eukaryotic orgnism). All of the activity is doing by itself. The activity included eat, exchange gas, perceive stimulation, move, and propagation. Protista classified in simple way to protista resemble animals (protozoa) and protista resemble plants (alga)  also protista resemble fungi. Alga have chlororphyll, so it can produce food by itself. The other way, Protozoa doesn’t have chlororphyll so it can’t produce food. Protista resemble fungi have it own way to reproduction like fungi.

3. FUNGI

Fungi or mushroom is a kingdom of living thing that doesn’t have chloroplast. The body of mushroom considered from one cell yawn shape or arrange from a group of yawn, the wall arrange from kitin substance (in fingernail human). Because of this kitin, the mushroom can’t classified to plant or animal.

4. PLANTAE

Plantae or plants is living thing that has many cells and also has Chloroplast. In the chloroplast consist of chlorophyll. So, Plants can photosynthesis. Plant cells belonging to eukaryotic( has nucleus) and the cell wall  consist of cellulose. Generally Plants have root, stem and leaf, except algae that has apparant root (rizoid). The propagation of Plants happen with sexual or asexual. The propagation of sexual is doing by specific organ that produce gamet cell. Seed Plants as fertilization product (insemination).

5. ANIMALIA

Animalia is an animal kingdom. The cells has  nucleus (eukaryotic) and doesn’t have chloroplast. Besides, animal cells has no cell wall, its different with plant, animal can move actively and has nerve system.

Whereas virus class that do not included into 5 kingdoms have characteristics such as :

• Virus only has 1 kind of main protein (DNA only or RNA only)
• Virus body has small size than cell
• Reproduction of virus happen with copied its main acid

Ok, This is the end of my posting about Classification of living thing. I hope it usefull for you all. I’m sure that I have lack in this simple blog. Therefore I hope you want to tell excess and lack from this post in comment box below. Science is a source for living and the movement  of human, to add more knowledge we can go with many ways, one of them is visit my blog (I’m promoting hehehe) in softilmu.blogspot.com. Thanks for visiting J

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